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Case report of a patient with hip dysplasia
Buršová, Denisa ; Pokorný, Ladislav (advisor) ; Hájková, Jana (referee)
V ANGLICKÉM JAZYCE: The bachelor thesis deals with the problem of congenital hip dysplasia. It is a case study of a patient with this disease. The main aim of the thesis is to describe and describe the congenital developmental disorder of the hip joint and to record the development of the disease from birth to the current state through case studies of individual patients and then to compare them with each other. In addition, to gain insights from a healthcare professional that could be of benefit to both patients with this type of condition and parents of patients. The bachelor thesis consists of two parts. The theoretical part is devoted to a detailed description of the disease. The description includes definition, division, occurrence, manifestations of the disease and methods of treatment. The practical part deals with the analysis of the disease in a particular individual. The research was conducted primarily through the medical reports of two patients. The patients were further compared with each other. Based on the information from the theoretical part and the medical reports, I then compiled interview questions for the physiotherapist. From the interview I tried to find out mainly information from a practical point of view, which is not given in professional publications but is central to...
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New strategies in pharmacotherapy and prevention of migraine
Kovaříková, Gabriela ; Červený, Lukáš (advisor) ; Vokřál, Ivan (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Gabriela Kovaříková Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Lukáš Červený, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: New strategies for the treatment and prevention of migraine Abstract: Migraine is a severe neurological disease, which has many subtypes. Migraine affects patient's physical and mental well-being and also work and family relationships. Migraine manifests as characteristic pain accompanied by vomiting and nausea or other symptoms. The first part of this paper deals with the current knowledge on pathophysiology of migraine, factors which affect migraine, degree of heritability, and specifics of chronic migraine. Diagnosis of migraine is also included and that based on MIDAS questionnaire are addressed in the diploma thesis. The second part is devoted to the therapy of acute attacks and prophylaxis of migraine, describes drugs used in these indications, characterizes them in more detail and lists their limitations. This section also outlines new pathophysiological findings and molecules that may receive future attention. New biological therapies and progress in terms of monoclonal antibody registration are also described. Nonpharmacological strategies for migraine treatment are mentioned as well. In addition, the...
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Effect of physiotherapy treatment on primary and secondary lymphedema
OBOŘILOVÁ, Vendula
This bachelor thesis discusses the treatment options for lymphoedema and the influence of individual regimens on the treatment of this disease. I have divided the theoretical part into four chapters. In the first chapter I explain the anatomy of the lymphatic system, the second chapter describes its physiological function and then its pathology. The third chapter is devoted to lymphoedema, I explain the principle of the different types of lymphoedema, how to prevent them, how to diagnose them and what complications can occur. The last chapter of the theoretical part discusses in detail the methods of treatment, the essential method is manual and instrumental lymphatic drainage, then I discuss bandaging, physical exercise, breathing excercises, selected types of physical therapy and last but not least I mention skin care, pharmacotherapy and spa treatment. The practical part of the research was carried out in the form of qualitative research. I worked with 4 patients, two of them are treated with primary lymphedema and two with secondary lymphedema. The patients practiced every day an agreed exercise unit, which was uniform for all of them, at the same time, based on the doctor's recommendation, they attended manual and instrumental lymphatic drainage at the outpatient clinic, while following the regimen, in which there were minor nuances for each patient. I evaluated the results by means of an entrance and exit kinesiological analysis, in which somatometry and goniometry played a major role, an entrance and exit interview and a comparison of photographs. I compared the objective results according to the results of somatometry and goniometry, where there was an improvement in reduction of swelling and increase in range of motion in 3 out of 4 cases. Subjective evaluation was provided by the patients based on semi-structured interviews, which I used to find out what lifestyle change the patients found most influential. Here the results were quite different, with the primary lymphoedema patient reporting feeling the greatest improvement after showering with cold water, and the secondary lymphoedema being most affected by bandages and regular exercise.
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The role of the nurse in regime measures for a migraine sufferer
PAPOUŠKOVÁ, Veronika
In the presented bachelor thesis were set two main gals. The first one was to map needs of the sufferer with migraine. The second one was to describe regime meassures of the sufferer with migraine. Four research questions were developed to adress the objectives, which are as follows: How do patients subjectively describe the course of migraine attacks? What are the needs of a patient with migraine attack? What factors influence the frequency and course of migraine attacks? How much are patients with migraine attack inform about regime measures? The Empirical part of bachelor thesis was developed by using qualitative research methods. To the process of collect datas was used semi-structures interview technique. The interview consisted 28 questions, which are presented in Appendix 1. The findings were processed using open coding, pencil-and-paper technique. The research population consisted of a total od 9 informants who suffer from migraine. The subjects had to be over eighteen years of age and their experience of migraine had to be at least five years. The results of the research part are presented in the bachelor thesis trough tree main kategories. The first category focuses on the subjective description of the course of migraine attacks of individual informants. This category includes the frequency of migraine attacks, the description of the period before the attack, the course of the attack itself, and finally the posta-attack period. The secon category delas with the needs of migraine sufferers. Here is description of the informants´ behaviour during the attack, how much the informants are affected by migraine, and how the informants manage migraines pain. The last category focuses on regime measures. In this category, migraine patients describe migraine triggers, the regime measures followed by migraine patients, how informed the yre about migraine conditions, and what information they miss about migraine. The results of the bachelor thesis will be used by health professionals to expand information about the needs of migraine sufferers. The information found cant hen be used by nurses to map out the regime measures of patients with migraine. The obtained informations can also be used by migraine patients who would be able to better understand migraine-related conditions and regime measures based on the thesis.
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NURSING CARE OF CANCER PATIENTS WITH HAEMATOPOIESIS DISORDER IN CONNECTION WITH ANTITUMOR CHEMOTHERAPY
BENEŠOVÁ, Petra
Abstract The aim of this thesis was to find the specifics of nursing care of cancer patients with haematopoiesis disorder in connection with antitumor chemotherapy and to map out the compliance with the specific measures for haematopoiesis disorder as a result of chemotherapy. We also focused on complications which emerged with administering chemotherapy, patient education about regime measures and on patient evaluation of the nurses' nursing care and their cooperation. Methodology and research file: to meet the target, a qualitative research was used in the form of semi-structured interview with the nurses and patients. The results of the interviews were analysed with the help of open coding with the pencil-paper method and subsequently divided into categories with subcategories. For nurses 3 categories with 4 subcategories were created and for patients 5 categories with 2 subcategories. The first research file consisted of twelve nurses working in oncology departments of five hospitals in the Czech Republic. The second research unit consisted of seven patients chosen with deliberate selection method. The results: It was found that the nurse in the care of cancer patients with haematopoiesis disorder works as a provider of barrier nursing care. The nurse takes the role of an educator during the application of chemotherapy and during the discharge of the patient into home healthcare, when she informs the patient about the need to comply with the specific measures which are diet regime, limited contact only to immediate family, the unsuitability of visiting restaurants, specific habits and using respiratory protection. All of the patients agreed that they try to follow the recommended regime measures. Simultaneously, they evaluated the measures as limiting both in work and personal life. The results for practice: The result of this research can be a theme for creating a information brochure for cancer patients or a topic for an educational seminar for nurses discussing this issue.
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Nursing care about adolescent with asthma bronchiale
HERCOVÁ, Martina
My thesis is focused on adolescents with bronchial asthma. I described bronchial asthma, pathophysiology, treatment, regimens, nurse education and the specifics of communication with adolescents. First goal was to find out how adolescents abide by regime, whether they have encountered alternative methods of treating asthma, and whether there are gender differences. Questioning method has been used, where I created the online questionnaire and placed it on the social network Facebook. Second goal was to map the role of a nurse in an allergology clinic. Online questionnaire method has been used via online Skype communication. The results show that there are only minimal, even negligible differences in compliance with the regime's measures in relation to gender. Furthermore, it has been shown that, thanks to medication and appropriately selected adjunctive therapy, the patient can have considerable control over the disease. It has been found that there are patients with experience in alternative methods of treating bronchial asthma. During interviews with the nurses were apparent, that their role in the allergology clinic is irreplaceable and fulfills an important function, without which doctors would find it difficult to do. For practice, I would recommend to adolescents and their parents education about the issue of the disease, the symptoms of the disease and treatment options.
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Kinesiotherapy and physical therapy in peripheral facial nerve palsy
Duchatschová, Iveta ; Horká, Bohumila (advisor) ; Věchtová, Bohuslava (referee)
Author: Iveta Duchatschová Institute: Medical Faculty of Charles University in Prague Název práce: Kinesiotherapy and physical therapy in peripheral facial nerve paresis Supervisor: Mgr. Bohumila Horká Number of parties: 83 Number of attachments: 0 Year of defence: 2012 Key words: peripheral palsy, facial nerve, kinesiotherapy, physical therapy, regimen measurements, cranial nerves, facial muscles The thesis summarizes basic knowledge of Peripheral facial nerve palsy. The theoretical part deals with the anatomy of facial nerve, aetiology of paresis, epidemiology of this disease, clinical symptoms, medical examination and possible treatments. The individual methodologies from the physiotherapy that may be applied in different combinations during the medial rehabilitation procedures in order to achieve the best possible effects are analysed in more detail. Another point of the thesis is the regimen measurements that the patients should follow in order to prevent potential complications or deterioration. The theoretical knowledge is followed by practical part, which examines the case study of two patients with facial nerve palsy diagnosis. It focuses on the medical examination of the state of the disease done by physiotherapist, therapy used in these particular cases and results that the therapy...
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Fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis. Subtitle: The impact of negative thermotherapy on fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis
Dědinová, Kristýna ; Novotná, Klára (advisor) ; Sládková, Petra (referee)
BACHELOR THESIS ABSTRACT Author: Kristýna Dědinová Supervisor: Mgr. Klára Novotná, Ph.D. Title: Fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis: The impact of negative thermotherapy on fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis Abstract: The bachelor thesis deals with the issue of fatigue in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and the effect of negative thermotherapy on this fatigue. The main aim of the study is to determine whether it is possible to alleviate fatigue in patients with MS using local negative thermotherapy (specifically using a special cooling cap). The secondary aim is to observe the impact of the outside temperature on fatigue and performance in functional tests in patients with MS. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part describes the multiple sclerosis, fatigue as common symptom of MS and possible effect of negative thermotherapy. The practical part is focused on the effect of local negative thermotherapy on fatigue and related symptoms in group of people with MS. The following functional tests were chosen to evaluate the effect of negative thermotherapy: Timed 25-Foot Walk (T25FW), Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), Nine-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT) and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT). Fatigue was assessed using two questionnares: Modified Fatigue Impact...
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Kinesiotherapy and physical therapy in peripheral facial nerve palsy
Duchatschová, Iveta ; Horká, Bohumila (advisor) ; Věchtová, Bohuslava (referee)
Author: Iveta Duchatschová Institute: Medical Faculty of Charles University in Prague Název práce: Kinesiotherapy and physical therapy in peripheral facial nerve paresis Supervisor: Mgr. Bohumila Horká Number of parties: 83 Number of attachments: 0 Year of defence: 2012 Key words: peripheral palsy, facial nerve, kinesiotherapy, physical therapy, regimen measurements, cranial nerves, facial muscles The thesis summarizes basic knowledge of Peripheral facial nerve palsy. The theoretical part deals with the anatomy of facial nerve, aetiology of paresis, epidemiology of this disease, clinical symptoms, medical examination and possible treatments. The individual methodologies from the physiotherapy that may be applied in different combinations during the medial rehabilitation procedures in order to achieve the best possible effects are analysed in more detail. Another point of the thesis is the regimen measurements that the patients should follow in order to prevent potential complications or deterioration. The theoretical knowledge is followed by practical part, which examines the case study of two patients with facial nerve palsy diagnosis. It focuses on the medical examination of the state of the disease done by physiotherapist, therapy used in these particular cases and results that the therapy...
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